Detention window assembly



V- 5, 1935. w. D. BAYLEY DETENTION WINDOW ASSEMBLY 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed Aug. 29

av rr Nov. 5, 1935. w. D. BAYLEY DETENTION WINDOW ASSEMBLY Filed Aug. 29, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Y zyllllllllllllll i:

Patented Nov. 5, 1935 UNITED STATES oner ATENT ()FFICE 18 Claims.

This invention relates to a sash assembly and the method of producing the same, and more particularly to a sash assembly wherein conventional detention bars are used and the window parts applied thereto.

In the past it was a common practice to assemble the sash assembly as a unit at the factory unfavorable complexes, which result from the feeling of being barred in. To overcome this undesirable feature, sash assemblies have been made for penal institutions wherein the muntin bars function as muntin bars and detention bars, the muntin bars extending over the ventilating area so as to prevent the escape of a human body through the window. This requires the use of transversely arranged muntin bars.

The cost of such a sash assembly is, in'many cases, prohibitive in that it is necessary touse very heavy material which obscures vision and enhances the cost of the sash assembly. In addition thereto, it has been necessary to carefully assemble the units, usually at the factory and ship the units assembled to the place where they are installed.

In the past it has been necessary to provide a heavy frame structure for holding the muntin bars, whether or not the muntin bars are duofunctional.

An object of this invention is to'provide a simple sash assembly provided with detention bars that are assembled on the job wherein the parts are easily constructed, where the number of parts has been reduced to a minimum, where the structure is economical and where the cost is small.

Another object is to utilize as thefoundation unit for a dual functional structure-a window guard construction having a compact form of bars characterized by minimum light exclusion, low cost per pound and convenient form, into which non-annealablequalitiesof the material is introduced.

With the above primary and otherincidental objects in view, as will more fully appear in the specification, the invention consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of operation, or their equivalents, as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

Fig. 1 discloses a front view of the window assembly. Fig. 2 shows the same window assembly in the process of erection. Figs. 3 and 4 dis- 5 close fragmentary detail views. Figs. 5A, 5B, and 50 show several modifications of the bars. Fig. 6 discloses the preferred modification of the window assembly. Figs. '7 and 8 disclose sectional views of the window assembly of separate modifications. Figure 9 is a fragmentary view of the interlocking portion of the detention bar as seen before assembled. Figs. 10 and ll disclose modifications in section.

In the construction of my window, the. window structure is built around the guards by adding thereto suitable rails and glass supports carried thereby, which hasthe advantage of quick delivery of the rough structure that is easily made, followed by the detailed parts which require more time for shop manufacture and are subject to more chances of damage by the rough tradesmen in building construction-the early men on the job.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

In the drawings, the transverse rails iii are embedded in concrete or masonry l2. These rails are not supported in any frame as in conventional constructions, but are supported directly by the concrete or wall [2, so that the walls of the building function as the window frame. The detention bars id have their ends embedded in the wall above and below the window structure, as best seen in Fig. 1. Although the rails have been horizontally shown in the drawings and the detention bars vertically, these could be vertically and horizontally arranged, respectively, or diagonally.

Preferably the detention bars are provided with ribs i6 arranged diametrically on opposite sides of the. bars, as disclosed in Fig. '3. These bars have their ribs cut away or notched at it, as shown in the enlarged detail View in Fig. 9. The rails I!) are provided with openings 2E! that are provided with diametrically arranged notches 22, which are large enough to permit the detention bars It with the ribs Hi to pass therethrough. When the detention bars M and the rails I!) have been assembled the detentionbars are rotated through ninety degrees whereby the muntin bars iii are seated within the notches i8 and held in a relatively fixed relation with respect to the detention bars it. The ends of the detention bars l-l, being embedded in the wall, prevent 1otation thereof so that the ribs l6 do not permit the spreading of the muntin bars throughout their length. Instead of notching the bars the rails may be caulked in position.

Instead of using round detention bars, square detention bars 24 may be used, as disclosed in Fig. 5A, or polygonal detention bars 26, as disclosed in Fig. 5C. The corners of the detention bars disclosed in Figs. 5A and 5C are notched much the same as the ribs I6 so as to permit the rotation thereof and so as to hold the rails in a relatively fixed relation.

As may best be seen by referring to Fig. 4, the rails H] are preferably made from a fiat piece of material. This structure is cheap and, at the same time, efiicient. A glass supporting angle bar 28 is carried by screws 29 engaging nuts I29 suitably welded to the rail. Member 28 has a depending flange that forms a support for the glass 30 which is held in position by putty 32. The glass is offset with respect to the detention bars l4 and is likewise offset with respect to the rails I!) so as to present a substantially flush surface on one side. As may best be seen from Fig. l, the glass pane extends across the entire window so that each pane is the width of the window. This eliminates the necessity for vertical muntin bars, promotes cheap glazing, such glass is easily cleaned, and admits maximum light.

One or more spaces across the window is usually left open for ventilating purposes as disclosed at 34 in Fig. 2. Referring to Fig. 6, a closure frame 36 is carried by the ventilating area for supporting a closure 38 to close the same. The upper portion of the window frame 36 is provided with a depending flange 46 that cooperates with the rails ID to form a seat for the glass 36. The window frame is held in position by rivets or bolts 42, passing through or around the window frame 36 and through the detention bars 14. The window frames may be held in position in any other suitable manner if desired. The closure 44 is hinged to the frame 36 by hinges (not shown) which may be positioned either above or below or to one side of the closure or other approved movable mounting. The closure forms a two point contact with the window frame, that is, at 46 and 48. In the modification disclosed in Fig. 6, a screen 59, carried by a metallic frame 52 mounted in the opening, serves as a tell-tale. If any attempt is made to mutilate the detention bars l4, this may be detected by the mutilation of the screen. The screen performs the additiona1 function of preventing foreign bodies passing therethrough, such as insects, tools, and the like. In this modification, the detention bars extend across the ventilating area and are continuous throughout the window.

In the modification disclosed in Fig. 7, the detention bars are not continuous throughout the window in that they are interrupted across the ventilating area. Auxiliary detention bars 54, suitably attached to member 48 at the top and likewise attached to member 44. The window frame 36 is seated in the opening on the outside of the window, whereas in Fig. 6 the window frame 36 is on the inside. In some institutions it is desirable to have the ventilating closures open out and controlled by suitable levers or control mechanism mounted on the outside so as to prevent the prisoners from, in any way, controlling the operation of the closure. A screen frame 58, carrying a screen 60, completely covers the ventilating area. In order that the screen 60 may function as a tell-tale screen, it has been mounted on the inside of the detention bars whereby the inmates cannot contact the detention bars 54 without first mutilating or destroying the screen. By so doing, the screen functions as a tell-tale upon an attempt of the inmate trying to gain his escape through the ventilating area. In Fig. '7 the screen fastening has not been shown but should preferably be on the outside.

In the modification disclosed in Fig. 8, the

horizontal and vertical detention bars extend across the ventilating area. This is desirable where the ventilating area is quite large. In this modification, the closure 36 is placed on the outside of the window arid the screen on the inside so that the detention bars are found intermediate the screen and the window. The horizontal detention bars 62 are suitably attached to the vertical detention bars I4. The screen frame 63 is channel-shaped and either spot welded or otherwise attached to the window frame. The screen 64, preferably of a heavy mesh material, is seated in the channel of the frame and is held therein by solder (not shown) or in any other suitable manner. A finer screen 66, attached to the inside of the frame 63, prevents the entrance of insects and the like. The closure, for the ventilating area, may be held in position by rivets disclosed in Fig. 6, by spot welding, or in any other suitable manner. In constructing the window the closure is usually not inserted until after the wall of the building has been completed and the glass inserted.

Instead of the disclosure made in Fig. 4, for carrying the glass, the glass may be seated in a channel-shaped member as disclosed in Fig. 8. In this modification, member 70 is provided with apertures through which pass the detention bars I4. This structure eliminates the necessity of spot welding or otherwise securing the glass supporting member to the rails. The trough of member 10 is preferably apertured at intervals to permit putty to fiow therethrough to support member 10 out of contact with the rail It) so as to prevent rusting.

In Fig. 10 an L-shaped rail has been disclosed, the flange of which carries a hook shaped glass supporting member H2 provided with suitable seats for the putty 32 supporting the glass 30. In the modification disclosed in Fig. 11 the rail and the glass supporting bars have been united into one piece made from rolled steel having substantially a T-shaped cross sectional area.

In the construction of a building, the detention bars M are embedded in the sill of the window and the rails I0 built into the wall 12 as the erection of'the wall progresses.

From this it is seen that a field assembly of like structural parts, including the detention bars, is provided. This insures a lower per pound freight rate. The use of walls for stabilization of the horizontals and the verticals eliminates the necessity of an outer frame which does not contribute toward this system of field assembly. The wall is also used for a support for the outer edges of the glass panes. This is provided through the introduction of a narrow rabbet lined with metal, as shown in Fig. 3, or unlined rabbet; or through detached metal (not shown) embedded into the wall with its edge projecting into the opening. The elimination of the usual outer frame member prolongs the life of the structure, there being no hidden surfaces that cannot be painted. The detachable metallic glass support can be of light weight and therefore made of non-corrosive material at a low cost. The simplification of this assembly promotes economy because of less steel required, less labor, less freight, and less handling expense.

From this it is also seen that the heavy structural parts, the detention bars, are rough, requiring little shop work. They are apt to be alike, one job with another thereby permitting standardization. The glass supporting parts, including the enclosure frames and the enclosures, must be more exact and are apt to differ more widely, one from another, and for this reason require more time in the engineering office and factory.

The standardization of the detention bars and the rails permits quick shipment of what is necessary to facilitate walls being built, leaving more time for the shipment of the parts requiring more production time and likewise, as heretofore suggested, exposure of these more delicate parts to the damage of wall builders and other rough tradesmen.

In past structures, vertical muntin bars and detention bars parallel thereto were used, which results appear massive. In the present structure, one group of parallel bars have been eliminated, namely the muntin bars. As vertical muntin bars are usually found in conventional windows, the horizontal muntin bars and the vertical detention bars cooperate to give the appearance of conventional windows which do nothave a tendency to develop undesirable complexes of being barred. In addition thereto, larger glass panes may be used which reduces the glazing expense and reduces the washing expense.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus provided a device of the character described possessing the particular features of advantage before enumerated and desirable, but which obviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportions, detail construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

While in order to comply with the statute the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to structural features it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific details shown, but that the means and construction herein disclosed comprises the preferred form of several modes of putting the invention into effect and the invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the legitimate and valid scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a sash assembly wherein the wall functions as the frame of the assembly, including a plurality of rails having their ends embedded in the wall of the building, said rails being provided with aligned openings, detention bars passing through said openings for preventing the escape of a human body through the assembly, and glazing supports having holes linking said detention bars and in proximity to the rails for supporting the window pane each of which has at least one edge embedded in the side of the wall.

2. In a sash assembly wherein the wall of the building functions as a frame of the assembly including a plurality of rails having their ends supported by the wall and a plurality of detention bars interlocking the rails and arranged in transverse relation thereto, and glass supporting members interlocking the detention bars and supported by the rails.

3. In a sash assembly wherein the wall of the building functions as the frame of the assembly including a. plurality of rails having their ends individually supported by the wall, a plurality of detention bars interlocking the rails, glass sup 5 porting means carried by said rails, said glass supporting means including glass supporting members removably carried by a member welded to the rails, said glass supporting members being offset with respect to the rails.

4. In a detention window assembly wherein thp 1O surrounding wall of the building functions as the frame of the assembly including a plurality of rails having their ends embedded in the wall dividing the opening into a plurality of spaces some of which are glazed leaving at least one space vacant for ventilation, a plurality of detention bars arranged in transverse relation with respect to the rails, a closure frame mounted in the ventilating area, a closure pivotally mounted in said frame, and a water shedding member interposed intermediate the frame and one of the bounding rails and the detention bar for providing drainage.

5. In a detention window assembly wherein the walls surrounding the opening function as a frame of said assembly including a plurality of rails having their ends embedded in the wall dividing the opening into a plurality of spaces some of which are glazed leaving at least one space vacant for ventilation, a plurality of transversely arranged detention bars suppor ing the window panes, a closure frame mounted in the ventilating area, said closure frame being mounted upon the detention bars in spaced relation with respect to the rails, and a closure carried by said frame for closing the ventilating area.

6. A sash assembly wherein the wall functions as a frame of the assembly including a plurality of rails having their ends embedded in the wall of the building, detention bars interlocking said rails for preventing the escape of a human body through the assembly, and glazing supports having holes linking said detention bars and in proximity to the rails for supporting the window pane, having at least one edge embedded in the side of the wall.

'7. In a sash assembly wherein the wall functions as a frame of the assembly including a plurality of rail bars having their ends embedded in the wall of the building, detention bars interlocking said rail bars for preventing the escape of a human body through the assembly, and glazing supports interlocking one set of the bars and in proximity thereto for supporting the window pane, said window pane having at least one edge embedded in the side of the wall.

8. In a sash assembly wherein the wall of the building functions as a frame of the assembly, in-

cluding a group of rail bars having their ends ends individually supported by the wall, a plurality of detention bars interlocking said rail bars, glass supporting means carried by said rail bars and including glass supporting members removably carried by a member offset from but carried by the rail bar.

10. In a detention window assembly including a plurality of parallel rail bars, interlocking detention bars transversely arranged with respect to said rail bars, a glass supporting member including a T-shaped bar arranged parallel to one of said bars but in offset relation, and a member disposed intermediate said T-shape'd bar and said rail bar, fixedly attached to one of said bars, and removably attached to the other.

11. A detention window assembly including a plurality of rail bars, a plurality of detention bars transversely arranged with respect to said rail bars and interlocking the same, a glass supporting bar olfset with respect to said bars, and means disposed intermediate said offset member and one of said rail bars fixedly attached to one and removably attached to the other for removably supporting the glass supporting bar.

12. In a window assembly having a plurality of rail bars, and a plurality of detention bars transversely arranged with respect to the rail bars and interlocked therewith dividing the window into a plurality of spaces, some of which are glazed, leaving a group of spaces vacant for ventilation, a closure for said ventilating area, a frame mounted in the ventilating area for supporting the closure, said frame being carried by one set of bars and arranged in spaced relation with respect to the rail bar bounding the ventilating area, the space intermediate said frame and the rail bar being sealed with a suitable sealing material to provide a water tight joint.

13. In a detention sash assembly the combination of detention means including detention bars intersecting transversely arranged rail members for preventing the escape of or unauthorized entry of a human body through the assembly with glass supporting means including a member interlinking the detention bars and supported upon one of said rail members.

14. In a detention window assembly the combination of detention means having detention bars interlocking transverselyarranged rail bars for holding the detention bars in fixed spaced relation with glazing supports having holes interlinking one set of bars and supported upon the other set of bars.

15. In a detention window assembly the combination of detention means having a group of detention bars interlocking a group of transversely arranged rail bars ,for holding the detention bars in fixed spaced relation with glazing supports attached to one group of bars and supported upon a bar of another group.

16. A sash assembly including detention means having a plurality of detention bars held in spaced relation by a plurality of rail bars, and glass supporting means having a glass supporting member offset with respect to said bars and removably carried by an intermediate member fixedly attached to one of said bars.

17. A sash assembly including detention means having a plurality of detention bars held in spaced relation by a plurality of rail bars, and glass supporting means having a glass supporting T-shaped member offset with respect to said bars and removab-ly carried by a spacing member attached to one of said bars.

18. A sash assembly including detention means having a plurality of detention bars held in spaced relation by a plurality of rail bars, and glass supporting means having a glass supporting T-shaped member offset with respect to said bars, one of the flanges of said T-shaped member being attached to a member disposed intermediate said flange and said detention means.

W. D. BAYLEY. 

